348 lines
12 KiB
C
348 lines
12 KiB
C
#include "display.h"
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#include "swap.h"
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#include "triangle.h"
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// Draw a triangle using three raw line calls
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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void draw_triangle(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, uint32_t color) {
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draw_line(x0, y0, x1, y1, color);
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draw_line(x1, y1, x2, y2, color);
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draw_line(x2, y2, x0, y0, color);
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}
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// Return the barycentric weights alpha, beta, and gamma for point p
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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//
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// (B)
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// /|\
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// / | \
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// / | \
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// / (P) \
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// / / \ \
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// / / \ \
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// // \\
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// (A)------------(C)
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//
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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vec3_t barycentric_weights(vec2_t a, vec2_t b, vec2_t c, vec2_t p) {
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// Find the vectors between the vertices ABC and point p
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vec2_t ac = vec2_sub(c, a);
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vec2_t ab = vec2_sub(b, a);
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vec2_t ap = vec2_sub(p, a);
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vec2_t pc = vec2_sub(c, p);
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vec2_t pb = vec2_sub(b, p);
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// Compute the area of the full parallegram/triangle ABC using 2D cross product
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float area_parallelogram_abc = (ac.x * ab.y - ac.y * ab.x); // || AC x AB ||
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// Alpha is the area of the small parallelogram/triangle PBC divided by the area of the full parallelogram/triangle ABC
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float alpha = (pc.x * pb.y - pc.y * pb.x) / area_parallelogram_abc;
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// Beta is the area of the small parallelogram/triangle APC divided by the area of the full parallelogram/triangle ABC
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float beta = (ac.x * ap.y - ac.y * ap.x) / area_parallelogram_abc;
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// Weight gamma is easily found since barycentric coordinates always add up to 1.0
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float gamma = 1 - alpha - beta;
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vec3_t weights = { alpha, beta, gamma };
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return weights;
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}
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// Function to draw the textured pixel at position x and y using interpolation
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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void draw_texel(
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int x, int y, uint32_t* texture,
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vec4_t point_a, vec4_t point_b, vec4_t point_c,
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tex2_t a_uv, tex2_t b_uv, tex2_t c_uv
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) {
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vec2_t p = { x, y };
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vec2_t a = vec2_from_vec4(point_a);
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vec2_t b = vec2_from_vec4(point_b);
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vec2_t c = vec2_from_vec4(point_c);
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// Calculate the barycentric coordinates of our point 'p' inside the triangle
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vec3_t weights = barycentric_weights(a, b, c, p);
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float alpha = weights.x;
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float beta = weights.y;
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float gamma = weights.z;
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// Variables to store the interpolated values of U, V, and also 1/w for the current pixel
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float interpolated_u;
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float interpolated_v;
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float interpolated_reciprocal_w;
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// Perform the interpolation of all U/w and V/w values using barycentric weights and a factor of 1/w
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interpolated_u = (a_uv.u / point_a.w) * alpha + (b_uv.u / point_b.w) * beta + (c_uv.u / point_c.w) * gamma;
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interpolated_v = (a_uv.v / point_a.w) * alpha + (b_uv.v / point_b.w) * beta + (c_uv.v / point_c.w) * gamma;
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// Also interpolate the value of 1/w for the current pixel
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interpolated_reciprocal_w = (1 / point_a.w) * alpha + (1 / point_b.w) * beta + (1 / point_c.w) * gamma;
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// Now we can divide back both interpolated values by 1/w
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interpolated_u /= interpolated_reciprocal_w;
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interpolated_v /= interpolated_reciprocal_w;
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// Map the UV coordinate to the full texture width and height
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int tex_x = abs((int)(interpolated_u * texture_width)) % texture_width;
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int tex_y = abs((int)(interpolated_v * texture_height)) % texture_height;
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//tex_x = SDL_clamp(tex_x, 0, texture_width);
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//tex_y = SDL_clamp(tex_y, 0, texture_height);
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int z_pos = (window_width * y) + x;
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// Adjust 1/w so the pixels that are closer to the camera have smaller values
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interpolated_reciprocal_w = 1.0 - interpolated_reciprocal_w;
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// only draw pixel if depth value is less than one previously stored in z-buffer
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if (interpolated_reciprocal_w < z_buffer[z_pos]) {
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draw_pixel(x, y, texture[(texture_width * tex_y) + tex_x]);
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// update z-buffer value with the 1/w of this current pixel
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z_buffer[z_pos] = interpolated_reciprocal_w;
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}
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}
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void draw_triangle_pixel(
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int x, int y, uint32_t color,
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vec4_t point_a, vec4_t point_b, vec4_t point_c
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) {
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vec2_t p = { x, y };
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vec2_t a = vec2_from_vec4(point_a);
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vec2_t b = vec2_from_vec4(point_b);
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vec2_t c = vec2_from_vec4(point_c);
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// Calculate the barycentric coordinates of our point 'p' inside the triangle
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vec3_t weights = barycentric_weights(a, b, c, p);
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float alpha = weights.x;
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float beta = weights.y;
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float gamma = weights.z;
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// Variables to store the interpolated values of U, V, and also 1/w for the current pixel
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float interpolated_reciprocal_w;
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// Also interpolate the value of 1/w for the current pixel
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interpolated_reciprocal_w = (1 / point_a.w) * alpha + (1 / point_b.w) * beta + (1 / point_c.w) * gamma;
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// Now we can divide back both interpolated values by 1/w
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//tex_x = SDL_clamp(tex_x, 0, texture_width);
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//tex_y = SDL_clamp(tex_y, 0, texture_height);
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int z_pos = (window_width * y) + x;
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// Adjust 1/w so the pixels that are closer to the camera have smaller values
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interpolated_reciprocal_w = 1.0 - interpolated_reciprocal_w;
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// only draw pixel if depth value is less than one previously stored in z-buffer
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if (interpolated_reciprocal_w < z_buffer[z_pos]) {
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draw_pixel(x, y, color);
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// update z-buffer value with the 1/w of this current pixel
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z_buffer[z_pos] = interpolated_reciprocal_w;
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}
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}
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// Draw a textured triangle based on a texture array of colors.
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// We split the original triangle in two, half flat-bottom and half flat-top.
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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//
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// v0
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// /\
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// / \
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// / \
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// / \
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// v1--------\
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// \_ \
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// \_ \
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// \_ \
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// \_ \
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// \\
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// \
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// v2
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//
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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void draw_textured_triangle(
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int x0, int y0, float z0, float w0, float u0, float v0,
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int x1, int y1, float z1, float w1, float u1, float v1,
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int x2, int y2, float z2, float w2, float u2, float v2,
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uint32_t* texture
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) {
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// We need to sort the vertices by y-coordinate ascending (y0 < y1 < y2)
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if (y0 > y1) {
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int_swap(&y0, &y1);
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int_swap(&x0, &x1);
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float_swap(&z0, &z1);
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float_swap(&w0, &w1);
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float_swap(&u0, &u1);
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float_swap(&v0, &v1);
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}
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if (y1 > y2) {
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int_swap(&y1, &y2);
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int_swap(&x1, &x2);
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float_swap(&z1, &z2);
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float_swap(&w1, &w2);
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float_swap(&u1, &u2);
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float_swap(&v1, &v2);
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}
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if (y0 > y1) {
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int_swap(&y0, &y1);
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int_swap(&x0, &x1);
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float_swap(&z0, &z1);
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float_swap(&w0, &w1);
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float_swap(&u0, &u1);
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float_swap(&v0, &v1);
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}
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// flip v component to account for inverted uv coordinates (where v grows downwrds)
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v0 = 1.0f - v0;
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v1 = 1.0f - v1;
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v2 = 1.0f - v2;
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// Create vector points and texture coords after we sort the vertices
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vec4_t point_a = { x0, y0, z0, w0 };
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vec4_t point_b = { x1, y1, z1, w1 };
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vec4_t point_c = { x2, y2, z2, w2 };
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tex2_t a_uv = { u0, v0 };
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tex2_t b_uv = { u1, v1 };
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tex2_t c_uv = { u2, v2 };
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// Render the upper part of the triangle (flat-bottom)
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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float inv_slope_1 = 0;
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float inv_slope_2 = 0;
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if (y1 - y0 != 0) inv_slope_1 = (float)(x1 - x0) / abs(y1 - y0);
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if (y2 - y0 != 0) inv_slope_2 = (float)(x2 - x0) / abs(y2 - y0);
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if (y1 - y0 != 0) {
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for (int y = y0; y <= y1; y++) {
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int x_start = x1 + (y - y1) * inv_slope_1;
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int x_end = x0 + (y - y0) * inv_slope_2;
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if (x_end < x_start) {
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int_swap(&x_start, &x_end); // swap if x_start is to the right of x_end
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}
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for (int x = x_start; x < x_end; x++) {
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// Draw our pixel with the color that comes from the texture
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draw_texel(x, y, texture, point_a, point_b, point_c, a_uv, b_uv, c_uv);
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}
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}
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}
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// Render the bottom part of the triangle (flat-top)
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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inv_slope_1 = 0;
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inv_slope_2 = 0;
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if (y2 - y1 != 0) inv_slope_1 = (float)(x2 - x1) / abs(y2 - y1);
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if (y2 - y0 != 0) inv_slope_2 = (float)(x2 - x0) / abs(y2 - y0);
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if (y2 - y1 != 0) {
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for (int y = y1; y <= y2; y++) {
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int x_start = x1 + (y - y1) * inv_slope_1;
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int x_end = x0 + (y - y0) * inv_slope_2;
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if (x_end < x_start) {
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int_swap(&x_start, &x_end); // swap if x_start is to the right of x_end
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}
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for (int x = x_start; x < x_end; x++) {
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// Draw our pixel with the color that comes from the texture
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draw_texel(x, y, texture, point_a, point_b, point_c, a_uv, b_uv, c_uv);
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}
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}
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}
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}
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void draw_filled_triangle(
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int x0, int y0, float z0, float w0,
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int x1, int y1, float z1, float w1,
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int x2, int y2, float z2, float w2,
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uint32_t color
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) {
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// We need to sort the vertices by y-coordinate ascending (y0 < y1 < y2)
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if (y0 > y1) {
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int_swap(&y0, &y1);
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int_swap(&x0, &x1);
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float_swap(&z0, &z1);
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float_swap(&w0, &w1);
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}
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if (y1 > y2) {
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int_swap(&y1, &y2);
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int_swap(&x1, &x2);
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float_swap(&z1, &z2);
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float_swap(&w1, &w2);
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}
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if (y0 > y1) {
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int_swap(&y0, &y1);
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int_swap(&x0, &x1);
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float_swap(&z0, &z1);
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float_swap(&w0, &w1);
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}
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// Create vector points and texture coords after we sort the vertices
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vec4_t point_a = { x0, y0, z0, w0 };
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vec4_t point_b = { x1, y1, z1, w1 };
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vec4_t point_c = { x2, y2, z2, w2 };
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// Render the upper part of the triangle (flat-bottom)
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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float inv_slope_1 = 0;
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float inv_slope_2 = 0;
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if (y1 - y0 != 0) inv_slope_1 = (float)(x1 - x0) / abs(y1 - y0);
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if (y2 - y0 != 0) inv_slope_2 = (float)(x2 - x0) / abs(y2 - y0);
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if (y1 - y0 != 0) {
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for (int y = y0; y <= y1; y++) {
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int x_start = x1 + (y - y1) * inv_slope_1;
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int x_end = x0 + (y - y0) * inv_slope_2;
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if (x_end < x_start) {
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int_swap(&x_start, &x_end); // swap if x_start is to the right of x_end
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}
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for (int x = x_start; x < x_end; x++) {
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// Draw our pixel with the color that comes from the texture
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draw_triangle_pixel(x, y, color, point_a, point_b, point_c);
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}
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}
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}
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// Render the bottom part of the triangle (flat-top)
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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inv_slope_1 = 0;
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inv_slope_2 = 0;
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if (y2 - y1 != 0) inv_slope_1 = (float)(x2 - x1) / abs(y2 - y1);
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if (y2 - y0 != 0) inv_slope_2 = (float)(x2 - x0) / abs(y2 - y0);
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if (y2 - y1 != 0) {
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for (int y = y1; y <= y2; y++) {
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int x_start = x1 + (y - y1) * inv_slope_1;
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int x_end = x0 + (y - y0) * inv_slope_2;
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if (x_end < x_start) {
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int_swap(&x_start, &x_end); // swap if x_start is to the right of x_end
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}
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for (int x = x_start; x < x_end; x++) {
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// Draw our pixel with the color that comes from the texture
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draw_triangle_pixel(x, y, color, point_a, point_b, point_c);
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}
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}
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}
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}
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